9-2
User Mode Error Detection
SV51011
2014.01.10
User Mode Error Detection
In user mode, the contents of the configured CRAM bits may be affected by soft errors. These soft errors,
which are caused by an ionizing particle, are not common in Altera devices. However, high-reliability
applications that require the device to operate error-free may require that your designs account for these
errors.
You can enable the error detection circuitry to detect soft errors. Each data frame stored in the CRAM
contains a 32-bit precomputed CRC value. When this feature is enabled, the error detection circuitry
continuously computes a 32-bit CRC value for each frame in the CRAM and compares the CRC value against
the precomputed value.
? If the CRC values match, the 32-bit CRC signature in the syndrome register is set to zero to indicate that
no error is detected.
? Otherwise, the resulting 32-bit CRC signature in the syndrome register is non-zero to indicate a CRC
error. The CRC_ERROR pin is pulled high, and the error type and location are identified.
Within a frame, the error detection circuitry can detect all single-, double-, triple-, quadruple-, and quintuple-
bit errors. When a single-bit or double-adjacent error is detected, the error detection circuitry reports the
bit location and determines the error type for single-bit and double-adjacent errors. The probability of other
error patterns is very low and the reporting of bit location is not guaranteed. The probability of more than
five CRAM bits being flipped by soft errors is very low. In general, the probability of detection for all error
patterns is 99.9999%. The process of error detection continues until the device is reset by setting the nCONFIG
signal low.
Internal Scrubbing
Internal scrubbing is the ability to internally correct soft errors in user mode. This feature corrects single-
bit and double-adjacent errors detected in each data frame without the need to reconfigure the device.
Figure 9-1: Block Diagram
Error Detection
State Machine
Data Registers, CRC
32-Bit CRC
Calculation and Error
Internal Scrubbing
Registers, and CRAM
Array
Search Engine
Specifications
This section lists the EMR update interval, error detection frequencies, and CRC calculation time for error
detection in user mode.
Minimum EMR Update Interval
The interval between each update of the error message register depends on the device and the frequency of
the error detection clock. Using a lower clock frequency increases the interval time, hence increasing the
time required to recover from a single event upset (SEU).
Altera Corporation
SEU Mitigation for Stratix V Devices
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